我國居民養老地產需求及其影響因素研究—基于武漢市數據的實證
(中南財經政法大學金融學院,湖北 武漢 430073)
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摘要:從人口、購買能力、購買意愿三個方面深入探析養老地產的發展潛力,并利用武漢市的廣泛調查數據建立Probit回歸模型分析居民購買養老地產的影響因素。結果顯示,我國養老產業市場需求巨大、發展空間廣闊;年齡、戶籍、職業、性別和自有住房數目對養老地產購買意愿具有顯著正效應,居住狀況則具有顯著負效應;收入不穩定人員及自有住房數目較多的老年人對養老地產有著較強的購買意愿。由此建議:政府部門發揮引導作用促進潛在需求顯現,同時開發商立足目標客戶需求,優化規劃設計,以實現養老地產的快速、健康發展。關鍵詞:養老地產;需求;影響因素;ProbitAbstract:This paper analyzes the development potential of pension real estate from three aspects:population,purchase ability and purchase intention. Based on the extensive survey data in Wuhan,builds the Probit regression model to analyze the influencing factors of residents’ purchase of pension real estate. The results show that China’s pension real estate has a huge market demand and broad space for development. Age,household registration,occupation,gender and number of owner-occupied houses have a significant positive effect on the purchase intention of pension real estate,while residence status has significant negative effects. Besides,people with unstable income,and elder people with a large number of self-owned houses have a strong purchase intention for pension real estate. Therefore,it is suggested that government departments play a guiding role to promote the emergence of potential demand. At the same time,developers should optimize planning and designing based on the needs of target customers to achieve rapid and healthy development of pension real estate.Keywords:pension real estate;demand;influencing factors;Probit參考文獻[1] Rebecca L.H.Chiu,Michael H.C.Ho. Estimation of elderly housing demand in an Asian city:Methodological issues and policy implications[J]. Habitat International,2006(4):965-980.[2] Westerholm B.Population development and the need for housing for elderly people in Sweden[J]. International Journal of Integrated Care,2009(5).[3] Jana,Alena. The changing environment and neighbourhood satisfaction in socialist high rise panel housing estates:The time comparative perceptions of elderly residents in Prague[J]. Cities,2014(4):82-91.[4] Zhengtian Pan,Hiroatsu Fukuda. Research on the countermeasure of housing for the elderly in the aging background of Japan—A case study on typical welfare facilities of Kitakyushu City in Japan[J]. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences,2016(2):119-128.[5] 梁文靜,陳龍乾,周天建.城市老年住宅需求調查分析——以徐州市為例[J].中國房地產金融,2008(6):43-46.[6] 周幼曼.發展養老地產:人口老齡化背景下房地產業的轉型[J].南方金融,2015(12):25-30.[7] 康琪雪,張恒銘.居民購買養老地產意愿及其影響因素[J].財經問題研究,2013(12):41-45.[8] 蘇雅琴,喻瑞,許珠.居民購買養老地產意愿影響因素研究——基于湖南省居民的調查數據[J].調研世界,2016(3):26-31.[9] 陳茵.福建省養老地產需求研究[J].集美大學學報(哲社版),2018(21):85-93.[10] 李素紅,苗靜謙,趙瑞,等.養老地產選擇行為的因素分析及關系研究——以天津市為例[J].經濟與管理,2019(3):409-415.[11] 徐建煒,徐奇淵,何帆.房價上漲背后的人口結構因素:國際經驗與中國證據[J].世界經濟,2012(1):24-42.[12] 陳彥斌,陳小亮.人口老齡化對中國城鎮住房需求的影響[J].經濟理論與經濟管理,2013(5):45-58.[13] 鄒瑾.人口老齡化與房價波動——來自中國的經驗證據[J].財經科學,2014(6):115-124.[14] 翟振武,陳佳鞠,李龍.中國人口老齡化的大趨勢、新特點及相應養老政策[J].山東大學學報(哲學社會科學版),2016(3):27-35.[15] 孫鵑娟,高秀文.國際比較中的中國人口老齡化:趨勢、特點及建議[J].教學與研究,2018(5):59-66.[16] 吳連霞,趙媛,吳開亞.中國人口老齡化區域差異及驅動機制研究[J].地理科學,2018(6):877-884.[17] 石振武,袁甜甜.以房養老需求意愿及影響因素研究[J].統計分析,2016(7):47-52.[18] 張爭艷,王化波.珠海市老年人口養老意愿及影響因素分析[J].人口學刊,2016(1):88-94.建筑經濟,2020(5):92-98